为什么要选择专业人士？
答案是降低税务风险，降低税务风险，降低税务风险！很多朋友知道IRS是一个很有权力的执法机构，但往往是在太晚的时候。美国税复杂和无情最典型的表现就是针对错误申报的罚款，即使纳税人并非故意，也需要针对错误申报部分支付20%或是更高比例的罚款；而这些罚款绝大数情况下本可以通过咨询专业人士避免的。更多信息请阅读: Erroneous Claim: 针对错误退税申请的罚款及利息
税务专业人士有哪些？
绝大多数人会选择注册会计师Certified Public Accountants或注册税务师Enrolled Agents进行纳税申报. 这两类税务专业人士都可以代客户处理IRS审计事宜或纳税争议。
Certified Public Accountants or CPAs are accountants who have passed qualifying state exams and met specific education and experience requirements for that title. Not all CPAs are experts on income taxes, though, so when looking for someone to prepare your return, you’ll want to ask about the CPA’s experience in handling individual taxes. A benefit of going with a CPA is these financial pros may be able to help you with other financial situations like estate planning or financial planning in addition to doing your taxes.
Enrolled Agent or EA is a tax professional licensed by the IRS through a special enrollment exam or after working for the IRS for five years. EAs may specialize in specific tax areas, so be sure to ask what his or her area of expertise is. The benefit of using an enrolled agent is that these people live and breathe taxes (they’re required to take continuing education courses in taxes every three years), and, generally speaking, may charge less than CPAs.
还有两个选择是税务律师Tax Attorneys和税务服务连锁机构Tax Preparation Chains，但作为一般个人纳税申报都不太合适. Tax attorneys are best for handling complex tax disputes and corporate matters, rather than preparing individual returns.
And as for walk-in tax preparation chains like H&R Block or Jackson Hewitt—even in Walmart—the truth is those franchises are designed to move as many tax returns as quickly as possible through the system, using briefly trained, seasonal employees, and there’s limited quality control. A few years ago, Smart Money reported that when the Government Accountability Office went undercover to get their returns done at the big chains, nearly all of the returns were incorrect to some degree. You’re better off going with an accountant or an enrolled agent with whom you can develop a long-term relationship and who will do more than just input your numbers.
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